修建沼氣池應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題
Problems needing attention in the construction of biogas digester
1、選址：沼氣池選擇在什麼地位，是保證建池質(zhì)量的重要環(huán)節(jié)。地址應(yīng)選擇在土質(zhì)堅(jiān)實(shí)，地下水位較低，土層底部沒(méi)有地道、地窖、滲井、泉眼、虛土等隱患之處，背風(fēng)朝陽(yáng)，遠(yuǎn)離樹(shù)木，可以與豬圈、廁所連成一體，進(jìn)出、料方便的中央。條件允許的狀況下，沼氣池好建在豬舍上面，既有利于夏季保溫，又有利于建“三位一體”沼氣池。
1. Site selection: What is the status of biogas digester selection, which is an important link to ensure the quality of the digester construction. Address should be in a solid soil, low groundwater level, no tunnels, cellars, seepage wells, springs, virtual soil and other hidden dangers at the bottom of the soil, leeward sunrise, away from trees, can be integrated with pigsty, toilets, access, material convenient center. Under permissible conditions, the biogas digester should be built on pigsty, which is not only conducive to heat preservation in summer, but also conducive to the construction of "trinity" biogas digester.
2、池型的選擇：依據(jù)幾何學(xué)的原理，同體積的幾何外形，以球體的外表積小，而容積大。圓形沼氣池肚大口小，沒(méi)有死角，用料省，容易處理漏水、漏氣成績(jī)，并且各處接受壓力較平均，是目前普遍推行的池型。
2. Choice of pool type: According to the principle of geometry, the sphere has the smallest surface area and the largest volume. The circular biogas digester has a large stomach, no dead angle, the most economical material, easy to deal with leaking water and air, and the average acceptance pressure everywhere. It is the most popular type of digester at present.
3、沼氣池的組成與結(jié)構(gòu)：沼氣池由進(jìn)料口(包括進(jìn)料管)、發(fā)酵池(包括儲(chǔ)氣室)、水壓間(包括出料口)、活動(dòng)蓋和導(dǎo)氣管組成。其形式有“三位一體”、“四位一體”。“三位一體”即：畜禽舍—沼氣池—廁所;“四位一體”即：畜禽舍—沼氣池—廁所—溫室大棚。
3. Composition and structure of biogas digester: biogas digester is composed of feeding port (including feeding pipe), fermentation tank (including gas storage chamber), water pressure room (including outlet), movable cover and air guide pipe. Its forms are "three in one" and "four in one". "Three in one" means livestock and poultry house - biogas digester - toilet; and "four in one" means livestock and poultry house - biogas digester - toilet - greenhouse shed.
4、池容的設(shè)計(jì)：沼氣池的大小應(yīng)依據(jù)人口的多少和每天用氣量、產(chǎn)氣率來(lái)決議，普通每立方米無(wú)效容積一晝夜產(chǎn)氣在0.15立方米，每人每天用氣量爲(wèi)0.2—0.3立方米，沼氣燈每小時(shí)用沼氣0.11--0.15立方米，普通按每人1.5立方米無(wú)效容積規(guī)劃，人口多的戶普通不超越10立方米。在挖池放線時(shí)，其直徑應(yīng)在規(guī)劃的根底上加上20厘米的池壁厚度，例如：10立方米沼氣池其直徑放線應(yīng)爲(wèi)3米，深2.3米。
4. Design of biogas pool capacity: The size of biogas pool should be determined according to the size of population, daily gas consumption and gas production rate. The invalid volume per cubic meter is 0.15 cubic meters per day and night. The gas consumption per person is 0.2-0.3 cubic meters per day. The biogas lamp is 0.11-0.15 cubic meters per hour. The invalid volume per person is generally planned according to 1.5 cubic meters per person. The households with large population do not exceed 10 li. Square meters. When the digging pool is laid out, the diameter of digging pool should be added to the planned foundation with 20 cm wall thickness. For example, the diameter of 10 cubic meters biogas pool should be 3 meters, and the depth of the digging pool should be 2.3 meters.
5、沼氣池各部位的設(shè)置：發(fā)酵間和儲(chǔ)氣室是沼氣池的主體。它們以發(fā)酵料液的液面爲(wèi)界，下部爲(wèi)發(fā)酵間，上部爲(wèi)儲(chǔ)氣室。發(fā)酵間是貯存發(fā)酵原料、發(fā)生沼氣、積肥造肥和殺滅寄生蟲(chóng)卵的場(chǎng)所。它的兩側(cè)與進(jìn)料口(進(jìn)料管)、出料口(水壓間)相通。當(dāng)發(fā)酵間內(nèi)發(fā)生的沼氣溢動(dòng)身酵液面后，即貯存于儲(chǔ)氣室內(nèi)，故儲(chǔ)氣室是沼氣聚集的場(chǎng)所，它的上部設(shè)有導(dǎo)氣管和活動(dòng)蓋。設(shè)置活動(dòng)蓋的作用，一是可以保證沼氣池次裝滿發(fā)酵原料，二是爲(wèi)當(dāng)前維修、破殼打根底?；顒?dòng)蓋有水泥蓋和鐵蓋兩種。水泥活動(dòng)蓋設(shè)置在儲(chǔ)氣室的頂部，呈瓶塞狀，上大下小。其尺寸：混凝土澆筑天窗口直徑爲(wèi)50—55厘米，高度爲(wèi)15—20厘米，活動(dòng)蓋厚度爲(wèi)12—13厘米。養(yǎng)水圈直徑爲(wèi)60—65厘米，高度爲(wèi)25—30厘米。鐵活動(dòng)蓋：要求鐵天窗口直徑爲(wèi)35—50厘米，高度爲(wèi)20—25厘米，四周出沿爲(wèi)4—5厘米，打眼4—8個(gè)，鐵板厚度在10毫米以上，鐵蓋板厚度爲(wèi)10毫米以上，螺母18—20毫米。
5. Setting of each part of biogas digester: fermentation room and gas storage room are the main body of biogas digester. They are bounded by the liquid level of the fermentation broth, with the lower part as the fermentation room and the upper part as the gas storage chamber. Fermentation room is a place for storing fermentation raw materials, producing biogas, composting and killing parasite eggs. Its two sides are connected with the inlet and outlet (feed pipe) and the outlet (water pressure). When the methane overflows from the fermentation room to the fermentation liquid level, it is stored in the gas storage chamber, so the gas storage chamber is the place where the methane gathers, and its upper part is equipped with a guide pipe and a movable cover. The function of the movable cover is to ensure that the biogas digester is filled with fermentation raw materials for the first time, and to lay a foundation for current maintenance and shell breaking. There are two kinds of movable cover: cement cover and iron cover. The cement movable cap is arranged at the top of the gas storage chamber, which is in the shape of a bottle plug, with large top and small bottom. Its size: the diameter of concrete pouring skylight is 50 - 55 cm, the height is 15 - 20 cm, and the thickness of movable cover is 12 - 13 cm. The diameter and height of the aquaculture circle are 60-65 cm and 25-30 cm respectively. Iron movable cover: The diameter of the window is 35-50 cm, the height is 20-25 cm, the circumferential edge is 4-5 cm, the hole is 4-8 cm, the thickness of the iron plate is more than 10 mm, the thickness of the iron cover plate is more than 10 mm, and the nut is 18-20 mm.
To sum up, Shandong Heneng Environmental Protection Energy Equipment Co., Ltd. provides more knowledge of biogas purification. Welcome to our website: http://www.scjhd.cn. Thank you for your support!
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企業(yè)二維碼
2019-01-30
